カテゴリー別アーカイブ: 未分類

RF Jammers and the Rise of IoT Crime

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), more and more devices are being connected to the Internet, greatly improving people’s convenience. However, this technological advancement has also brought unprecedented security risks, especially in the context of the increasing use of radio frequency (RF) jammers. cell phone jammerThe wireless communication systems of IoT devices are vulnerable to external interference, and criminals are taking advantage of this technical vulnerability to commit high-tech crimes, from car lock control to home security systems, leaving almost no field unthreatened. signal jammer

Car Lock Jamming Incident and IoT Vulnerability

A recent case in Manchester revealed the extent of modern society’s dependence on wireless radio frequency technology.GPS jammer In this case, criminals used car lock jammers to try to illegally break into vehicles by interfering with the signals used by car owners using remote locks. Although this method may seem simple, the consequences for many unsuspecting car owners can be very serious. Wifi jammer Because when criminals interfere with these signals, car owners cannot lock or unlock their cars, and even trigger vehicle alarms, causing chaos.

These jammers usually operate in the 315 MHz (North America) or 433 MHz (Europe and Asia) frequency bands, and most car remote lock systems rely on these frequencies. Therefore, although jamming devices are illegal in many countries, criminals can still easily purchase jammers through the black market or certain e-commerce platforms due to their low prices and easy availability.

To address this risk, car owners should be more vigilant and ensure that they hear a clear locking sound or check the car lights to confirm the successful locking when remotely locking the car. If you are not sure about electronic locks, you can also choose to return to manual locks. However, it is worth noting that more and more new car models no longer offer manual lock options, further exacerbating users’ security concerns.

Potential threats to home automation systems

In addition to cars, home automation systems are another important target for criminals. These systems widely rely on Zigbee or similar proprietary protocols to communicate via radio frequencies, usually in the 868 MHz range. Although these systems may use encryption technology to protect data transmission, jamming devices can still easily defeat them. Once the communication of home security devices, smart door locks or cameras is interfered with, criminals can easily invade the house, causing burglary.

More and more families choose to adopt IoT devices to improve the quality of life, but this also means that their security systems are exposed to new threats. Users who fail to recognize the risks of RF interference often presumptuously disconnect landline telephone lines or rely on wireless technology. However, the use of jammers can make these security measures ineffective.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 12:09 | コメントをどうぞ

Signal Jammers: Potential Terrorist Tools and Law Enforcement Challenges

During a September 10, 2024 hearing before the Indiana Interim Legislative Committee, Vanderburgh County Sheriff Noah Robinson testified about a worrying discovery: signal jammers pose a serious threat to law enforcement. signal jammer He recalled a law enforcement action in June that not only highlighted the use of signal jammers in crimes, but also sparked a wide-ranging discussion about the potential threat these devices pose to public safety. cell phone jammer

The moment the signal jammer was discovered
Vanderburgh County Sheriff Robinson’s team received a call for a burglary in June, and they used the community surveillance system to lock onto the suspect’s vehicle. GPS jammer When an officer successfully stopped the suspect’s car, officers in Robinson’s office suddenly found that their radio and computer equipment were inoperable. Upon investigation, the police found a signal jammer in the back seat of the suspect’s vehicle.

Robinson noted that while the specific model of the device has not yet been determined, it is enough to interfere with the police’s communication system, and its interference range can even reach up to one mile. This incident made him realize for the first time the destructive impact of signal jammers on law enforcement work, and also triggered his concerns that these devices could be used as terrorist tools in the future.

Potential harm of signal jammers
Signal jammers are small devices that can interfere with wireless communications, usually by interfering with Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, GPS and cellular signals to paralyze electronic devices. Although these devices are explicitly banned from sale and use by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), they can still be easily obtained through the Internet and used by criminals for illegal purposes.

In the case of theft in Vanderburgh County, the thieves used signal jammers to shut down security cameras and alarm systems to ensure that they would not be detected during the burglary. Robinson emphasized that the thieves gained a great advantage in this way because many modern technologies that the police rely on are all ineffective under the effect of jammers.

More worryingly, signal jammers are not only harmful to law enforcement, but also may pose a threat to public safety. Robinson warned that jammers can affect the normal operation of key facilities such as hospitals, police, airports, and may even be used by terrorists to plan attacks. These devices can cut off communications from medical devices, interfere with surveillance towers and police, and cause traffic accidents or chaos by interfering with wireless traffic control systems.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 20:08 | コメントをどうぞ

The strategic significance of signal jammers in the Middle East conflict and their future potential

The geopolitical situation in the Middle East has always been complex and changeable, and the recent pager explosion in Lebanon has once again attracted widespread global attention to the role of technology in modern warfare. cell phone jammer This incident not only revealed the threat of remote-controlled devices to security, but also highlighted the importance of signal jammers as a possible means of defense. signal jammer This article will explore the strategic significance of signal jammers in modern warfare and analyze their potential role in future conflicts. GPS jammer

Background of the explosion and technical threats
The pager explosion in Lebanon caused thousands of pagers to explode simultaneously in a short period of time, causing heavy casualties. Hezbollah quickly accused the Israeli intelligence agency Mossad, claiming that Israel remotely detonated the pagers through technical means. Although this accusation has not been supported by conclusive evidence, it reveals a very realistic threat: electronic devices may be remotely controlled by hostile forces and become a new type of weapon in war.

This pager explosion made us realize that war no longer relies solely on traditional weapons, and electronic warfare is becoming an important part of conflict. Whether it is a mobile phone, pager or other personal electronic device, it may become a remote-controlled explosive device. In this case, how to effectively deal with these technological threats has become an important task for governments and security agencies.

Basic principles and applications of signal jammers
As a defensive measure, the core working principle of signal jammers is to prevent remote control by blocking the connection between electronic equipment and external control signals. It blocks radio waves by sending interference signals, thereby preventing the device from receiving control signals or transmitting data. This technology was first used for military purposes to prevent the enemy from using remote-controlled explosive devices or other electronic attacks.

Today, signal jammers have been used in many sensitive places. For example, in important international conferences or military operations, signal jammers are used to prevent information leakage, prevent electronic eavesdropping, and even protect senior officials from electronic attacks. As the Lebanese pager explosion shows, the threat of remote detonation is real, and signal jammers have become a key tool to deal with this threat.

Application prospects of signal jammers in the Middle East
In the current tense situation in the Middle East, the application prospects of signal jammers are particularly broad. The conflict between Israel and Hezbollah has plunged the Middle East into an uneasy atmosphere, and the potential use of electronic equipment in war has made all parties nervous. In this case, signal jammers may provide an effective solution to reduce civilian casualties and facility damage in conflicts.

Signal jammers can be deployed in public places such as important military facilities, government buildings, airports, and train stations to prevent the enemy from using electronic devices to attack. In addition, with the continuous advancement of technology, mobile signal jammers can also provide support for protecting key transportation routes and prevent trains, cars and other means of transportation from becoming targets of remote-controlled explosions.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 21:11 | コメントをどうぞ

Application of mobile phone blocking technology in Bio Bio Prison

The popularity of mobile phones has not only changed the way we communicate in our daily lives, but also brought many challenges, especially in prison environments. The use of illegal mobile phones has become a serious problem facing prison management in countries around the world. cell phone jammer With the advancement of technology, cases of prisoners in prisons organizing criminal activities through mobile phones are common. GPS jammer Therefore, how to effectively block mobile phone signals in prisons and prevent illegal communications has become an important issue for governments and judicial institutions in various countries. The mobile phone blocking system in the Bio Bio Prison Complex provides an efficient and advanced solution for this.Wifi jammer

Mobile phone problems in Chilean prisons

Chile’s prison system has encountered many difficulties in dealing with prisoners’ illegal use of mobile phones.signal jammer Prisoners use mobile phones to conduct criminal command, organize criminal groups, and maintain close contact with the outside world. This not only threatens the security of prisons, but also affects the social security outside prisons.

Since March 2024, the Bio Bio Prison Complex has begun to implement a new mobile phone signal blocking technology aimed at preventing prisoners from continuing to engage in criminal activities through illegal mobile phones. The new system will affect about 10,000 prisoners nationwide, accounting for 20% of the national prison population in Chile. This technology is not just an ordinary jamming device, it has the ability to accurately identify and block illegal devices.

Breakthrough of new technology

Compared with traditional signal blocking technology, the biggest breakthrough of the new system is its targeting and intelligence. Usually, the blocking system used in prisons will interfere with all signals in a certain area, causing the normal communication of prison managers, staff, and even nearby residents to be affected. However, the new system in Bio Bio Prison is equipped with a computer control system that can accurately scan the prison area, identify which mobile phones are illegal, and then selectively block them.

The system works by directing the jamming signal through the antenna and ensuring that it will not affect residents near the prison. Engineers pointed out that as long as the direction of the antenna is adjusted correctly, the surrounding community will not feel the signal interruption. This can effectively prevent prisoners from using mobile phones to commit crimes, and ensure the continuation of normal social communications.

Economic and technical challenges

Despite the widespread recognition of this technology, the Chilean government still faces huge financial pressure. As pointed out by Justice Minister Luis Cordero, it is expected to cost more than 3 billion pesos to implement mobile phone blocking in the Pedro Monte area alone. If all prisons in the country were to deploy the system, it would likely cost about 600 billion pesos, equivalent to one-third of the gendarmerie’s annual operating budget.

Based on financial constraints, the Chilean government has prioritized 15 key prisons for the installation of signal blocking systems, with plans to complete these projects between 2024 and 2025. With the gradual implementation of these blocking systems, the security of Chilean prisons is expected to be significantly improved.

Impact and Outlook

The successful implementation of this technology will not only help prevent prisoners from engaging in illegal activities through their mobile phones, but also improve prison management efficiency. Its promotion in Chile may have a demonstration effect on prison management in other countries, especially in those countries where the problem of illegal mobile phones is equally serious.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 12:16 | コメントをどうぞ

Textron Systems to Provide Test and Measurement Equipment for IED Detection

Globally, the threat of improvised explosive devices (IEDs) is increasing, and how to effectively detect, jam or even prevent them from detonating has become one of the key tasks in military defense. cell phone jammerTo meet this challenge, U.S. Navy bomb disposal experts are looking for efficient and accurate test and measurement equipment to verify the jamming system of radio frequency and microwave signals. GPS jammerTextron Systems Electronic Systems Division, located in Hunt Valley, Maryland, has become a leader in this field with its advanced technology and rich experience.Wifi jammer

Textron received a $7 million contract to provide AN/GLM-11 universal test device for IED jamming systems

In September 2021, the Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division in Indian Head, Maryland announced a $7 million contract with Textron Systems.signal jammer The core content of this contract is to produce a universal test device called AN/GLM-11, which is used to detect and verify the performance of jamming systems against IEDs.

The widespread use of IEDs has brought great challenges to the armed forces of various countries in global military operations. Such devices are usually hidden in vehicles, roads or buildings and rely on radio signals to detonate. Therefore, how to jam these signals has become the focus of bomb disposal experts. The birth of AN/GLM-11 not only solves this problem, but also provides the military with a portable, rugged and easy-to-operate solution.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 22:20 | コメントをどうぞ

Deployment of Cell Phone Jammers and Crime Prevention in Santa Fe Prison

Deployment of Cell Phone Jammers and Crime Prevention in Santa Fe Prison

As more and more criminal activities in Santa Fe prisons are confirmed to be ordered via cell phones, the provincial government has decided to take new technological measures to combat criminals from continuing to carry out illegal activities in prisons. cell phone jammerRecently, a new cell phone jammer system was installed in the No. 11 prison in Pinheiro Town, marking an important step in combating criminal organizations inside and outside the prison.signal jammer

Technology of Cell Phone Jammers

The system in Pinheiro Prison consists of eight devices whose antennas can emit radio waves that interfere with cell phone signals, preventing people in prison from using their mobile phones to communicate. GPS jammerThe jammer works by using the antenna to transmit signals to block cell phone signals in the prison, making it unable to connect to the telecommunications company’s network, thus making the phone offline. Wifi jammerThis technology is widely used around the world to prevent illegal communications activities in prisons, especially in areas that rely heavily on technology to coordinate crimes.

Claudio Briloni, the Minister of Security of Santa Fe Province, highly supports the move. He pointed out that although prisoners in prison can still communicate with the outside world through landlines, the use of mobile phones must be completely banned. This is to prevent the spread of criminal gangs inside and outside the prisons organizing and managing criminal activities through mobile phones.

Implementation and application of jammers

The installation of the new system marks an important step for the Santa Fe Provincial Prison in combating communication crimes in prisons. However, Briloni also admitted that the full implementation of the jammer system still needs to be tested and adjusted. Especially in the process of visiting lawyers and visiting family members, the prison’s communication needs still exist, so in the implementation process, it is necessary to make flexible adjustments based on actual operations.

The technology of the jammer was developed by Invap, Argentina’s leading state-owned technology company, based on Israel’s advanced technology platform and running on a 4G network. At the same time, in order to cope with the future application of 5G technology, additional antennas will also be added to this system in the future.

Briloni pointed out that the installation of mobile phone jammers is one of the important steps for the government to combat prison crime. He also recalled that a previous system had become obsolete due to advances in communication technology. This new jammer system will provide a model for other prisons in Santa Fe Province and will be gradually promoted in more prisons, including Las Flores and Coronda prisons.

The complex situation of crime in prisons

Pineiro Prison is an important high-security prison in Argentina, about 20 kilometers away from Rosario. The security situation in Rosario has become increasingly complex in recent years, especially the increasing violence related to drug trafficking and organized crime. According to data from local prosecutors, about 80% of shootings were ordered by criminal leaders in prisons through mobile phones.

In March 2023, Messi’s father-in-law’s supermarket was attacked by gunfire, and the commander behind the incident was also found to be a prisoner in prison. What is more worrying is that drug dealers use mobile phones in prisons not only to organize violent activities, but also to illegally make money through extortion and other means.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 19:27 | コメントをどうぞ

Mossad’s assassination operations and bomb technology in communication equipment

The Israeli intelligence agency Mossad is famous for its precise assassination operations. In recent years, it has improved the concealment and effectiveness of its operations through technical means.cell phone jammer In September 2024, a series of pager explosions in Lebanon once again pushed Mossad’s assassination technology to the forefront of international public opinion. GPS jammerThe core technology of this explosion involves the implantation of bombs in remote communication equipment, demonstrating the upgrade of electronic warfare and signal jamming technology in modern warfare.signal jammer

Mossad’s assassination history: from “God’s Wrath” to modern technology

The “Wrath of God” operation launched by Mossad after the Munich Massacre in 1972 is one of the most famous retaliatory assassinations in history. Wifi jammer In this operation, Mossad carried out precision strikes on key figures of the Palestinian radical organization Black September. For example, the bomb that was detonated when Mahmoud Hamshari, the representative of the Palestine Liberation Organization in Paris, answered the phone was a typical case. This tactic has evolved over the years, becoming a signature tactic of Mossad, by implanting bombs in communication devices and detonating them remotely.

Today, this tactic has been further upgraded. In the latest Lebanese pager explosion, Israeli intelligence agencies have attracted global attention by implanting explosives in remote communication devices. According to the New York Times, Mossad set up remote detonation devices in pagers, which were triggered by wireless signals. Such technical means make traditional directional bomb attacks more covert and precise, and more dependent on the assistance of electronic jamming equipment such as signal jammers to ensure the smooth execution of the mission.

Technical analysis of pager explosions

Compared with previous assassinations by Mossad, this pager explosion has greater technical complexity. According to security sources, Israeli intelligence agencies ordered a batch of pagers from Taiwanese suppliers and prepared to ship them to Hezbollah. These pagers were implanted with micro-explosives and set up mechanisms that can be detonated remotely. This means that these devices will trigger explosions when receiving specific signals.

It is worth noting that signal jammers may have played a key role in this explosion. The function of the signal jammer is to prevent the enemy from effectively using wireless devices by interfering with or blocking the signal of a certain frequency band. This not only improves the security of Mossad agents, but also increases the technical difficulty of the enemy.

Military Application and Impact of Signal Jammers

Signal jammers were first widely used to prevent terrorists from detonating bombs through mobile phones or blocking enemy remote communications. However, with the continuous advancement of technology in countries such as Israel, signal jammers have gradually become a core tool in intelligence warfare and information warfare.

In Mossad’s operations, signal jammers can ensure the effective triggering of remote detonators by interfering with enemy communication equipment. For example, in the pager explosion incident, Mossad is likely to use signal jammers to ensure that the enemy cannot prevent the sending of the detonation signal, which provides strong technical support for Israel’s secret operations.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 22:21 | コメントをどうぞ

Israel’s secret front: from Lebanon explosions to invisible battles in cyber warfare

Since hundreds of pagers exploded almost simultaneously across Lebanon on Tuesday, the mystery behind the series of explosions has gradually been revealed. cell phone jammerAccording to CNN, the operation was a joint operation between Israel’s intelligence agency Mossad and the Israeli military, targeting the Iranian-backed Lebanese militant group Hezbollah.GPS jammer The explosion killed many people and injured thousands, becoming another chapter in the secret war between Israel and Hezbollah.Wifi jammer

Israel’s history of secret strikes

Although the Israeli government has not publicly acknowledged the operation, Israel has never stopped its secret strikes against hostile forces in history. signal jammerAt the 1972 Munich Olympics, 11 Israeli athletes were killed by the “Black September” organization. In retaliation, Israel launched an operation codenamed “God’s Wrath” and began to hunt down radical elements involved in the massacre. The operation demonstrated the sophisticated operation of the Israeli intelligence department, with agents planting explosives in the target’s phones and other communication devices and carrying out assassinations through remote detonation.

The bombing in Lebanon was similar to the one Israel used to assassinate Mahmoud Hamshari, the representative of the Palestine Liberation Organization in Paris, in 1972. As reported, Hamshari’s phone was planted with explosives, and when he answered the call, the bomb exploded.

Evolution of technology and escalation of tactics

Over time, Israel has gradually incorporated modern technology into its covert operations when attacking hostile targets. In 1996, Israel used similar technical means to successfully assassinate Hamas’s “chief bomb maker” Yahya Ayash. Ayash’s phone was planted with 50 grams of explosives, which exploded near his head, killing him on the spot. The action triggered several retaliatory attacks by Hamas, causing dozens of casualties.

Today, the bombings in Lebanon show that Israel has made greater technological progress. CNN quoted experts’ analysis that these explosions were not simple cyber attacks that caused equipment failures, but Israeli agents embedded explosives into the equipment through high-level infiltration and detonated them through remote signals. This requires not only precise technical operations, but also deep human intelligence support.

The blocking war of Iran’s nuclear program

Israel’s secret operations are not limited to Lebanon and Hamas. In recent years, Israel has repeatedly carried out assassinations against Iranian nuclear scientists to prevent Iran’s nuclear weapons development process. Since 2010, at least five Iranian nuclear scientists have been killed in operations suspected of being planned by Israel. In November 2020, Iran’s top nuclear scientist Mohammad Fakhrizadeh was assassinated by a car equipped with a remote-controlled machine gun in the suburbs of Tehran. Iranian officials claimed that the operation used artificial intelligence and facial recognition technology, and then the bomb on the car self-destructed.

Such complex assassinations show that Israel has reached an extremely high level in combining high-tech with traditional intelligence means. Although Israel has not commented on this operation, international public opinion generally believes that the Israeli intelligence department is behind such operations.

The combination of cyber warfare and physical attacks

In addition to physical attacks, Israel has also performed well in the field of cyber warfare. In 2010, Israel cooperated with the United States to successfully destroy Iran’s nuclear facilities using a computer virus called Stuxnet. The virus caused the centrifuges at the Natanz nuclear facility to go out of control, seriously hindering Iran’s uranium enrichment process. This virus is considered the world’s first malware with the ability to destroy physical facilities, marking the arrival of a new era of cyber warfare.

Israel’s security strategy

From the bombing in Lebanon to assassinations around the world, Israel’s security strategy has always been centered on maintaining national security. Although such actions are often accompanied by criticism from the international community, Israel’s position is very clear: any force that poses a threat to its national security will be strongly counterattacked. Through the combination of technology and intelligence, Israel has not only demonstrated its high professionalism in preventing and combating hostile forces, but also won the initiative in a complex regional environment.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 19:25 | コメントをどうぞ

Legal gaps and law enforcement challenges for signal jammers

Signal jammers, small devices that block radio communications, are rapidly becoming the focus of attention for law enforcement agencies and lawmakers. cell phone jammer At a September 2024 Indiana Provisional Legislative Council meeting, Vanderbilt County Sheriff Noah Robinson testified to lawmakers, warning of the potential threat signal jammers pose to law enforcement operations and public safety. GPS jammer

Popularization of signal jammers and difficulties in law enforcement

In a burglary case in June, Vanderberg County police discovered the suspect’s vehicle through a community surveillance system, but when police stopped the car, the police radio and on-board computer suddenly stopped working. Afterwards, police found a signal jammer in the back seat of the suspect’s car. Wifi jammerThis device not only prevents police from communicating normally, but also disables surveillance cameras and alarm systems, providing burglaries with huge advantages.signal jammer

Sheriff Robinson pointed out that although signal jammers are illegal in the United States, they are still easily obtained through illegal channels, especially online. This allows criminals to easily obtain these devices and use them to interfere with law enforcement operations and even endanger public safety.

Multiple threats to signal jammers

Signal jammers can not only interfere with police communication systems, but can also be used for more egregious criminal activities and even terrorist actions. In his testimony, Robinson specifically mentioned that such equipment can affect the operation of medical equipment in hospitals, interfere with airport communication systems, and even cause traffic chaos by interfering with traffic signal control.

He warned that as technology continues to advance, the functions and scope of influence of signal jammers are also expanding. If measures are not taken as soon as possible, signal jammers may be used by terrorists and organized criminal groups, leading to more serious consequences. Robinson called on Indiana lawmakers to take action to criminalize the import and use of signal jammers and impose severe penalties on those who illegally use these devices.

Legal gaps and local law enforcement difficulties

Currently, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has banned the production, sale and use of signal jammers. However, local law enforcement agencies often feel helpless when faced with these devices. In testimony, Robinson pointed out that although federal law prohibits the use of these devices, local police often lack the power to respond quickly when faced with such cases because there is no relevant state law to support it.

Rep. Wendy McNamara agreed and noted that Robinson’s office was “lucky” to avoid more serious consequences in the incident. However, she also admitted that the current legal framework for signal jammers is still imperfect and may take more time to develop effective legal measures.

“To be honest, we are not fully prepared to deal with the problems posed by these emerging technologies,” McNamara said. She believes that future legislation requires more research and discussion to ensure that the law can effectively respond to the complex challenges posed by signal jammers.

Future prospects and legislative recommendations

As the problem of signal jammers grows, Indiana lawmakers are seriously considering how to fill gaps in existing laws. Robinson suggested that Indiana could enact state laws to ban the import and use of signal jammers and set more severe penalties for people who illegally use these devices.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 14:48 | コメントをどうぞ

Cell phone jammers in Argentine prisons: new security measures and challenges

As the phenomenon of prisoners using mobile phones to continue to manipulate crime spreads around the world, Argentina’s Santa Fe Province has taken new measures to introduce cell phone jammers in Pinheiro Prison No. 11 near Rosario. cell phone jammer This move is considered an important means to reduce the connection between prisons and external crimes and is aimed at responding to the increasing number of shootings in Rosario.

Rosario’s security crisis

In recent years, Rosario’s security situation has become increasingly severe, with frequent shootings, and many violent incidents are related to the command of prisoners in prison. GPS jammer According to statistics, in March 2023 alone, eight of the ten shootings in Rosario were ordered from prison, including a shooting in the supermarket of football star Lionel Messi’s father-in-law. This situation has caused great public concern about prisoners continuing to manipulate external criminal activities through their mobile phones. Wifi jammer

In response to this problem, the Santa Fe Provincial Government decided to install a new cell phone signal jammer system in Pinheiro Prison to cut off prisoners’ communication with the outside world.signal jammer

How the jammer works

The newly installed signal jammer system consists of eight devices that transmit jamming signals through antennas, blocking the phone from connecting to external communication networks. In short, prisoners using mobile phones inside the prison will not be able to connect to any communication network and will be “offline”.

カテゴリー: 未分類 | 投稿者jammer12 19:12 | コメントをどうぞ